## Drug Name Atorvastatin / Lipitor ## Drug Class Statin (HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor) ## Indications Atorvastatin is primarily prescribed for the treatment of hyperlipidemia and dyslipidemia to lower cholesterol levels. It is also used in the prevention of cardiovascular disease, including myocardial infarction and stroke, especially in individuals with risk factors such as diabetes, hypertension, or a history of coronary artery disease. ## Common Side Effects - Headache - Muscle pain (myalgia) - Diarrhea - Nausea - Joint pain ## Serious Side Effects - Rhabdomyolysis (a severe form of muscle breakdown) - Liver damage - Severe allergic reactions - Increased blood sugar levels, which can be a concern for individuals with diabetes ## Warnings / Contraindications Atorvastatin is contraindicated in patients with active liver disease or unexplained persistent elevations of hepatic transaminase levels. It should not be used in pregnant or lactating women due to the potential for fetal harm. Caution is advised in patients with a history of liver disease or those who consume substantial quantities of alcohol. Regular monitoring of liver function tests is recommended. ## Dosage Forms - Tablet: 10 mg, 20 mg, 40 mg, and 80 mg ## Pharmacy Technician Notes Pharmacy technicians should counsel patients on the importance of adherence to prescribed dosages and inform them that atorvastatin is most effective when combined with a healthy diet and regular exercise. Patients should be advised to avoid consuming large quantities of grapefruit or grapefruit juice, as it can interfere with the drug's metabolism. Monitoring for muscle pain or weakness is crucial, as these may indicate serious side effects. Furthermore, technicians should ensure that patients understand the need for periodic liver function tests and the importance of reporting any unusual symptoms, such as severe fatigue or jaundice. ## Summary Atorvastatin is a vital medication in the management of hyperlipidemia and the prevention of cardiovascular disease. As a statin, it plays a critical role in reducing cholesterol levels and associated cardiovascular risks. Key points for patient counseling include adherence to lifestyle modifications, monitoring for side effects, and understanding potential interactions, particularly with grapefruit products. The drug's efficacy and safety profile make it a cornerstone in cardiovascular pharmacotherapy.