Metformin is a medication commonly used to treat type 2 diabetes. It helps control blood sugar levels by improving the way the body handles insulin. Metformin is often prescribed as an initial treatment for diabetes, and it can also be used in combination with other medications or insulin therapy.

Here are some key points about Metformin:

1. **Mechanism of Action**: Metformin works by decreasing the amount of glucose produced by the liver and increasing insulin sensitivity, which helps the body use glucose more effectively.

2. **Benefits**: It can help lower blood sugar levels, reduce the risk of diabetes-related complications, and may also aid in weight management, which is often beneficial for people with type 2 diabetes.

3. **Side Effects**: Some common side effects include gastrointestinal issues such as nausea, diarrhea, and stomach upset. These often improve over time. Rarely, Metformin can cause a serious condition called lactic acidosis, which requires immediate medical attention.

4. **Usage**: It’s usually taken orally, with meals to reduce gastrointestinal side effects. The dosage and frequency depend on individual health needs and medical advice.

5. **Lifestyle Considerations**: While Metformin is effective, it works best when combined with lifestyle changes such as a healthy diet, regular physical activity, and weight management.

Always consult with a healthcare professional before starting or changing any medication regimen.