Reading Passage
Psychology, as a scientific discipline, has a rich and fascinating history that dates back to ancient civilizations. The origins of psychology can be traced to the philosophical inquiries of the ancient Greeks, particularly to thinkers like Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle. While these early philosophers pondered questions about the mind, it was not until the late 19th century that psychology emerged as a distinct field of study with its own methodologies and theories. Wilhelm Wundt, often considered the father of modern psychology, established the first experimental psychology laboratory in Leipzig, Germany in 1879. This marked a significant milestone in the development of psychology as a science, as it shifted the focus from philosophical speculation to empirical observation and experimentation. Over the years, psychology has evolved into a multifaceted discipline encompassing various subfields such as cognitive psychology, developmental psychology, and clinical psychology. Today, psychologists employ a wide range of research methods, from controlled experiments to observational studies, to explore the complexities of human behavior and mental processes.
Questions
1. According to the passage, who is considered the father of modern psychology?
A) Socrates
B) Wilhelm Wundt
C) Plato
D) Aristotle
2. What marked a significant milestone in the development of psychology as a science?
A) The philosophical inquiries of ancient Greeks.
B) The establishment of the first experimental psychology laboratory.
C) The emergence of psychology as a distinct field of study.
D) The shift from empirical observation to philosophical speculation.
3. Based on the passage, which of the following is NOT a subfield of psychology mentioned?
A) Cognitive psychology
B) Developmental psychology
C) Clinical psychology
D) Philosophical psychology
4. What research methods do psychologists use to explore human behavior and mental processes according to the passage?
A) Only controlled experiments
B) Only observational studies
C) A wide range of methods
D) Philosophical speculation
5. What is the rhetorical purpose of the passage?
A) To persuade readers to study psychology
B) To inform readers about the history of psychology
C) To entertain readers with philosophical anecdotes
D) To critique the methodologies of modern psychology
6. Where does the passage suggest that the origins of psychology can be traced to?
A) Ancient Rome
B) The Renaissance period
C) Ancient Greece
D) The Industrial Revolution
7. Which of the following is an example of negative factual information in the passage?
A) Wilhelm Wundt conducted research in Paris.
B) Psychology emerged as a distinct field in the late 19th century.
C) The ancient Greeks pondered questions about the mind.
D) The establishment of the first experimental psychology laboratory.
8. What is the main inference that can be drawn from the passage?
A) Philosophical inquiries were more valuable than empirical observation in psychology.
B) Wilhelm Wundt's laboratory was not influential in the development of psychology.
C) Psychology has evolved significantly from its early philosophical roots.
D) Cognitive psychology is the most important subfield in modern psychology.
Answer Key
1. (B)
2. (B)
3. (D)
4. (C)
5. (B)
6. (C)
7. (A)
8. (C)
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